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Offline kullatiro

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robot serangga yang kecil dan mungil siap di produksi massal
« on: 16 February 2012, 08:41:17 AM »
In New Mass-Production Technique,
Robotic Insects Spring to Life


 The Harvard Monolithic Bee (or
"Mobee") pops up within an assembly
scaffold, which performs more than
20 origami assembly folds. (Credit:
Photos courtesy of Pratheev
Sreetharan.)

di perhatikan sebelah kiri ada uang coin sebagai alat pembanding besar ukuran.



 ScienceDaily (Feb. 15, 2012) — A new
technique inspired by elegant pop-up
books and origami will soon allow
clones of robotic insects to be mass-
produced by the sheet.

 Devised by engineers at Harvard, the
ingenious layering and folding process
enables the rapid fabrication of not
just microrobots, but a broad range
of electromechanical devices.
In prototypes, 18 layers of carbon
fiber, Kapton (a plastic film), titanium,
brass, ceramic, and adhesive sheets
have been laminated together in a
complex, laser-cut design. The
structure incorporates flexible hinges
that allow the three-dimensional
product -- just 2.4 millimeters tall -- to
assemble in one movement, like a
pop-up book.
The entire product is approximately
the size of a U.S. quarter, and dozens
of these microrobots could be
fabricated in parallel on a single sheet.
"This takes what is a craft, an artisanal
process, and transforms it for
automated mass production," says
Pratheev Sreetharan (A.B. '06, S.M.
'10), who co-developed the technique
with J. Peter Whitney. Both are
doctoral candidates at the Harvard
School of Engineering and Applied
Sciences (SEAS).
Sreetharan, Whitney, and their
colleagues in the Harvard
Microrobotics Laboratory at SEAS have
been working for years to build bio-
inspired, bee-sized robots that can fly
and behave autonomously as a
colony. Appropriate materials,
hardware, control systems, and
fabrication techniques did not exist
prior to the RoboBees project, so
each must be invented, developed,
and integrated by a diverse team of
researchers.
Less than a year ago, the group was
using a painstaking and error-prone
method to fold, align, and secure each
of the minuscule parts and joints.
"You'd take a very fine tungsten wire
and dip it in a little bit of superglue,"
explains Sreetharan. "Then, with that
tiny ball of glue, you'd go in under a
microscope like an arthroscopic
surgeon and try to stick it in the right
place."
"Until recently, the manual assembly
process wasthe state of the art in this
field," Sreetharan adds.
By the numbers
Folding joints: 22
Assembly scaffold folding joints:
115
Total device folding joints: 137
Number of brass pads for "glue"
points: 52
Total number of "glue" points: 24
Mass: 90 mg
By mass, one U.S. quarter = 63
Harvard Monolithic Bees
The same result can now be achieved
-- without human error -- through
locking mechanisms and dip
soldering. The new process also
enables the use of cured carbon fiber,
which is rigid and easy to align, rather
than uncured carbon fiber, which
Sreetharan compares to "wet tissue
paper."
"Our new techniques allow us to use
any material including polymers,
metals, ceramics, and composites,"
says principal investigator Rob Wood,
an Associate Professor of Electrical
Engineering at SEAS and a Core
Faculty Member at the Wyss Institute
for Biologically Inspired Engineering at
Harvard.
"The ability to incorporate any type
and number of material layers, along
with integrated electronics, means
that we can generate full systems in
any three-dimensional shape," Wood
says. "We've also demonstrated that
we can create self-assembling devices
by including pre-stressed materials."
The implications of this novel
fabrication strategy go far beyond
these micro-air vehicles. The same
mass-production technique could be
used for high-power switching, optical
systems, and other tightly integrated
electromechanical devices that have
parts on the scale of micrometers to
centimeters.
Moreover, the layering process builds
on the manufacturing process
currently used to make printed circuit
boards, which means that the tools
for creating large sheets of pop-up
devices are common and abundant. It
also means that the integration of
electrical components is a natural
extension of the fabrication process --
particularly important for the size- and
weight-constrained RoboBees project.
"In a larger device, you can take a
robot leg, for example, open it up,
and just bolt in circuit boards. We're
so small that we don't get to do that. I
can't put a structural mechanism in
here and have it serve no electrical
function."
Pointing to the carbon-fiber box truss
that constitutes the pop-up bee's
body frame, Sreetharan says, "Now, I
can put chips all over that. I can build
in sensors and control actuators."
Essentially, tiny robots can now be
built by slightly bigger robots.
Designing how all of the layers will fit
together and fold, however, is still a
very human task, requiring creativity
and expertise. Standard computer-
aided design (CAD) tools, typically
intended for either flat, layered circuit
boards or 3D objects, do not yet
support devices that combine both.
Once the design is complete, though,
fabrication can be fully automated,
with accuracy and precision limited
only by the machining tools and
materials.
"The alignment is now better than we
can currently measure," says
Sreetharan. "I've verified it to better
than 5 microns everywhere, and we've
gone from a 15% yield to -- well, I
don't think I've ever had a failure."
The full fabrication process will be
described in the March issue of the
Journal of Micromechanics and
Microengineering. Co-authors and
collaborators, beside Whitney,
Sreetharan, and Wood, include Kevin
Ma, a graduate student at SEAS; and
Marc Strauss, a research assistant in
Wood's lab.
The work was supported by the U.S.
Army Research Laboratory, the
National Science Foundation (through
the Expeditions in Computing
program), and the Wyss Institute.

 www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/02/120215155309.htm
« Last Edit: 16 February 2012, 08:48:37 AM by daimond »

Offline cumi polos

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Re: robot serangga yang kecil dan mungil siap di produksi massal
« Reply #1 on: 16 February 2012, 09:59:19 AM »

spt ini lho yg dimaksud. tapi berapa jam dia dpt terbang ya ? mana baterynya? pakai remote control?
merryXmas n happyNewYYYY 2018

 

anything